Ukufika kwe Amawashi ahlakaniphile anezici zempilo yenhliziyo Sekuqala ukuba nomthelela wangempela endleleni izinkinga ezithile zenhliziyo ezitholakala ngayo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezingabonwa iminyaka eminingi. Phakathi kwalezi kukhona i-atrial fibrillation, okuyi-arrhythmia evamile kakhulu eyandisa kakhulu ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi.
Uchungechunge lwezifundo zakamuva, oluholwa yisilingo somtholampilo esenziwe e- Isikhungo Sezokwelapha saseYunivesithi i-Amsterdam (Amsterdam UMC) futhi eyanyatheliswa kuyi-Journal of the American College of Cardiology, iphakamisa ukuthi i-Apple Watch ingadlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlolweni kwalezi ziphazamiso kubantu abadala kanye nalabo abanengozi ephezulu yemithambo yegazi, into ethakazelisa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zezempilo ezifana nezaseSpain nezaseYurophu.
Isivivinyo sangempela ngeziguli ezindala nezisengozini enkulu
Ucwaningo olwenziwe eNetherlands lwaklanywa njenge- isivivinyo somtholampilo esingahleliwe ngaphansi kwezimo zangempelahhayi elabhorethri. Abacwaningi bakhethe abantu abangu-437 abaneminyaka engu-65 noma ngaphezulu, abanesimo esiyingozi kakhulu sokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi, isimo esifana kakhulu naleso esitholakala emitholampilo eminingi yokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo kanye nezifo zenhliziyo eSpain naseYurophu.
Abahlanganyeli bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili ngendlela efanayo: 219 bathole i-Apple Watch Bayalwa ukuba bayisebenzise cishe amahora ayi-12 ngosuku, kanti abanye abangu-218 baqhubeka nokunakekelwa okujwayelekile, okusekelwe ekuhlolweni okuvamile kanye nokuvakashelwa kwezokwelapha lapho kuvela izimpawu noma ukubuyekezwa kuhleliwe.
Isikhathi sokulandelela sandiswa phakathi izinyanga eziyisithuphaPhakathi naleso sikhathi, iqembu le-smartwatch lalinokuqapha inhliziyo cishe njalo, kuyilapho iqembu lokulawula lithembele ekusebenzeni okuvamile kwezokwelapha, okungukuthi, ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo ngezikhathi ezithile kanye nokuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuphela uma kukhona okusolisayo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lolu ucwaningo olune- usayizi wesampula omaphakathi (abantu abangu-437) kanye nobudala obuphakathi kweminyaka engaba ngu-75. Abalobi bayavuma ukuthi iqembu elinezici ezahlukene lingaveza izibalo ezihlukile kancane, yize bekholelwa ukuthi iziphetho eziyinhloko zizofana.
Kutholakale ama-arrhythmias aphindwe kane nge-Apple Watch
Imiphumela etholakale ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha idonsele ukunaka komphakathi wezokwelapha. Eqenjini elisebenzise i-Apple Watch, Kutholakale ukuthi iziguli ezingu-21 zine-cardiac arrhythmia, iningi labo yi-atrial fibrillation. Nokho, eqenjini elathola ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile, kwatholakala kuphela Amacala angama-5.
Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi odokotela Bathole i-arrhythmias cishe izikhathi ezine kaningi phakathi kwalabo abagqoka i-Apple Watch nalabo abaya kuphela ekuhlolweni okuvamile ngaphandle kwedivayisi egqokwayo. Lo mehluko ubalulekile ngokwezibalo futhi usekela umbono wokuthi ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kungaveza izinkinga ebeziyohlala zifihliwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni ezingaphezu kwengxenye eqenjini eline-Apple Watch, ikakhulukazi ezizungeze Ama-57% eziguli ezitholakale zinegciwaneAkukho zimpawu zangaphambilini ezazibikiwe. Ngamanye amazwi, laba kwakungabantu ababezizwa bephilile futhi, cishe, ababengeke bakhulume nganoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki ngesikhathi sokubonisana ngoba babengaboni lutho olungavamile.
Eqenjini lokunakekelwa okujwayelekile isimo sasihluke kakhulu: iziguli ezinhlanu okwatholakala kuzo i-arrhythmia Yebo, baveze izimpawu ezicacileEmpeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi kwatholakala amacala asobala kakhulu kuphela, kanti lawo angakhulumi cishe awazange atholakale.
Kungani i-atrial fibrillation ingabonakali kangaka?
I-arrhythmia evame kakhulu etholakale kulezi zifundo kwakuyi- i-fibrillation ye-atrialI-Arrhythmia iyinkinga yesigqi ebangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuguquguqukayo nokungazinzile emakamelweni aphezulu enhliziyo (i-atria). Esikhundleni sokufinyela ngendlela ehlelekile, udonga lwe-atrial luyaqhaqhazela, okungabangela ukuthi igazi lihlangane.
Njengoba odokotela benhliziyo bechaza, ingaphakathi le-atrium aliyona indawo ebushelelezi, kodwa liveza imigoqo, izindawo zokuphumula, kanye namaphakethe amancaneUma lezi zindawo ziyeka ukufinyela ngempumelelo futhi "zidlidliza" kuphela, igazi lingahlangana futhi lakhe amahlule. Lapho ihlule liphuma futhi lihamba egazini, lingavimba umthambo wobuchopho futhi libangele isifo sohlangothi.
Ngokusho kwe-American Heart Association kanye neminye imiphakathi yesayensi yaseYurophu, i-atrial fibrillation ingabangela phinda ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi ngamaphuzu amahlanuInkinga iwukuthi cishe ingxenye yamacala ayenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile futhi, kaningi, awavezi zimpawu, noma lezi zincane kangangokuthi azibonakali noma ziphanjaniswa nokukhathala noma ukucindezeleka.
Uma umuntu ene-electrocardiogram evamile ehhovisi likadokotela, udokotela unokufinyelela kuphela "isithombe" semizuzwana embalwa yesigqi senhliziyo. Uma isiqephu se-fibrillation singahambisani naleso sikhathi esiqondile, ukuqoshwa kuzobonakala kujwayelekile futhi inkinga izohlala ifihliwe. Lena enye yezinselele ezinkulu ekutholeni i-arrhythmia.
Inzuzo eyinhloko: ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kusukela esihlakaleni
Yilapho i-Apple Watch ingena khona. Selokhu kwafika i- I-Apple Watch Series 4 ngo-2018Le divayisi yayinemisebenzi emibili eyenzelwe ngqo impilo yenhliziyo: uhlelo lwe-photoplethysmography (PPG) olusebenzisa ilinganisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo njalo kanye nohlelo lokusebenza lwe-electrocardiogram (ECG) oluhamba phambili olulodwa olukwazi ukuqopha isigqi uma luvuselelwa ngumsebenzisi.
I-Photoplethysmography ivumela ukutholakala kokushintshashintsha kwe-pulse okungase kuphakamise ukuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekileI-ECG ehlanganisiwe inikeza ukulandelela kukagesi okulula kodwa okuwusizo kokuthola amaphethini ahambisana ne-atrial fibrillation. Iwashi lingathumela izaziso zesigqi esingajwayelekile futhi liphakamise ukuthi umsebenzisi axhumane nochwepheshe wezempilo.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokuqapha, njengeziqaphi zendabuko ze-Holter ezine ama-electrode anamathelayo kanye nezikrini ezinkulu noma amadivayisi afakelwa isikhathi esifushane, iwashi elihlakaniphile linenzuzo yokuthi livame ukugqokwa amahora amaningi ngosuku ngaphandle kokukhathazeka okukhulu, futhi uma kuqhathaniswa njengokuthi I-Apple Watch vs. Fitbit Ngokuvamile igqanyiswa ngenxa yokuthi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Lokhu kusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwandisa amathuba "okuthola" izehlakalo ezingahleliwe ebezingeke zibonwe.
Abalobi balolu cwaningo baveza ukuthi amadivayisi akwazi ukuqopha kokubili ukushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nomsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo asekhona isikhathi esithile, kodwa Ukusebenza kwayo kahle akuzange kuhlolwe kahle Lolu cwaningo luhlose ukugcwalisa leso sikhala ngokuhlola iziguli ezisengozini enkulu ye-atrial fibrillation endaweni yangempela, ngaphandle komongo wokuhlola.
Imiphumela ngezinombolo: ukutholwa okwengeziwe, kodwa futhi nemiphumela emibi engamanga
Uma idatha ihunyushwa ibe ngamaphesenti, iqembu eline-Apple Watch lifinyelele ku- izinga lokutholwa kwe-fibrillation ye-atrial lisondele ku-9,6% Ngesikhathi sokulandelela izinyanga eziyisithupha, izinga lokufa laliphezulu eqenjini elithola ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile, kanti izinga lokufa lahlala cishe lingu-2,3%. Umehluko, ngokusho kwabacwaningi, ubalulekile ngokwezokwelapha.
Kodwa-ke, isithombe asiphelele. Imininingwane ikhombisa ukuthi iwashi Akahlali elungileCishe ingxenye yezexwayiso ezakhiqizwa kwakuyizinzuzo ezingamanga, okungukuthi, izixwayiso zesigqi esingajwayelekile ezathi kamuva azange ziqinisekiswe njenge-atrial fibrillation noma enye i-arrhythmia efanele ngemva kokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha.
Ngokombono wezokwelapha, lezi zimpawu ezingamanga zimelela, ngaphezu kwakho konke, i- umthwalo owengeziwe wokuvakasha nokuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa noma ukuqeda ukuxilongwa, ngaphezu kokukhathazeka okungenzeka ukuthi ukuthola isaziso esivela kuwashi labo kungabangela umsebenzisi. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe baveza ukuthi, ngale kwalokhu kuphazamiseka, akukho miphumela emibi eqondile ebonwe.
Ngamanye amazwi, ubuchwepheshe bukhulisa ukuzwela—ukuthola amacala amaningi angaba khona—kodwa ngezindleko zokucacisa okuthile. Ohlelweni lwezempilo olufana nolwaseYurophu, olunesidingo esikhulu sezinsizakalo, lokhu kuphakamisa umbuzo wokuthi ungazifaka kanjani ngempumelelo lezi zixwayiso, ugweme ukugcwala ngokweqile kwemitholampilo ngenkathi usaqinisekisa ukuthi amacala afanele ngempela awashaywa indiva.
Umthelela ongaba khona ekuvimbeleni isifo sohlangothi kanye nezindleko zokunakekelwa kwempilo
Udokotela wenhliziyo UMichel Winter, e-Amsterdam UMCLokhu kufingqa kahle ububanzi balokhu okutholakele. Ezitatimendeni zakhe, ugcizelela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwama-smartwatch anemisebenzi ye-PPG kanye ne-ECG kusiza ekuxilongeni ama-arrhythmia kubantu ababengazi ukuthi banawo, ngaleyo ndlela kuvumela sheshisa inqubo yokuxilonga bese uthatha isinyathelo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke izinkinga ezinkulu.
Uma i-fibrillation ye-atrial isiqinisekisiwe, enye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokuvimbela isifo sohlangothi ukunqunywa kwemithi yokwelapha isifo sohlangothi. ama-anticoagulantsokunciphisa ingozi yokwakheka kwamahlule egazi ayingozi. Noma kunjalo, izifundo ezahlukahlukene zibonisa ukuthi abantu abangafika kwesigamu okufanele basebenzise ama-anticoagulant abawasebenzisi, kungaba ngenxa yokungatholakali kwesifo noma ngenxa yezinye izizathu.
Uma i-arrhythmia ingatholakala kusenesikhathi futhi ezigulini eziningi—kufaka phakathi ezingenazo izimpawu—kuvulela ithuba qala ukwelashwa kokuvimbela ngaphambi Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukwanda kwesifo sohlangothi esihambisana ne-atrial fibrillation. Lokhu bekungeke nje kube nomthelela oqondile ezingeni lempilo yeziguli, kodwa futhi nezindleko zezinhlelo zezempilo zomphakathi zaseYurophu.
UWinter ngokwakhe uveza ukuthi ukwehla kwenani labanesifo sohlangothi kanye nokulaliswa esibhedlela okuhlobene nakho kungaba ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko zokuqala zedivayisiikakhulukazi uma kuhloswe amaqembu akhethwe kakhulu asengozini enkulu, njengalawo afakiwe ocwaningweni (abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 abasengozini enkulu yemithambo yegazi).
Kusho ukuthini konke lokhu eYurophu nakubasebenzisi be-Apple Watch?
Kwamazwe afana neSpain, anenani labantu abakhula ngokukhula kanye ne- umthwalo omkhulu wesifo senhliziyoIthuba lokuhlanganisa izinto ezigqokwayo njenge-Apple Watch ezinhlelweni zokuhlola eziqondiwe liyakhanga, kodwa futhi liphakamisa imibuzo. Akukhona ukuthi wonke umuntu kufanele agqoke iwashi elihlakaniphile, kodwa kunalokho mayelana nokuhlola ukuthi yimaphi amaphrofayili athile angazuza kakhulu kunezindlela ezivamile.
Okwamanje, imiphakathi yesayensi iyaqaphela: isikhumbuza lokho Lawa madivayisi awathathi indawo yokuxilongwa kwezokwelapha. Bayavuma futhi ukuthi noma yisiphi isexwayiso kufanele sihunyushwe uchwepheshe. Kodwa-ke, bayaqaphela ukuthi lezi zexwayiso zingasebenza njengethuluzi elengeziwe lokuqapha abantu abasengozini enkulu, njalo ngaphakathi kwesu elihlelekile futhi ngezinqubo ezicacile.
Ngokombono womsebenzisi, umyalezo oyinhloko uwukuthi iwashi lingaba Ithuluzi eliwusizo lokuqapha impilo yenhliziyoKodwa-ke, akulona indawo yokuhlolwa noma ukuhlolwa okunqunywe udokotela. Uma idivayisi ikhombisa ngokuphindaphindiwe izixwayiso zesigqi esingajwayelekile noma uma amanani emangalisa, kunengqondo ukufuna ukubonisana ukuze kuhlolwe ngokuphelele hhayi nje ukuthembela ekufundweni kwegajethi.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ochwepheshe basikhumbuza ukuthi umphumela ojwayelekile ewashini Akuqinisekisi ukungabikho kwezinkinga okungu-100%Ikakhulukazi uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo, isiyezi, ukuphelelwa umoya, noma ubuhlungu besifuba. Kulezo zimo, isinyathelo esifanele sihlala sithinta uhlelo lwezempilo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isihlakala sibonisani.
Uma kubhekwa konke, ubufakazi obuqoqwe kulolu cwaningo kanye nezinye izifundo ezibuyekezwe ontanga kuqinisa umqondo wokuthi i-Apple Watch kanye namadivayisi afanayo angaba yingxenye yezikhali zokuvimbela inhliziyo, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala kanye nalabo abanezici eziyingozi. Isihluthulelo sizoba ku ukuzihlanganisa ngokuhlakanipha emikhubeni yezokwelapha yaseYurophu, isebenzisa amandla ayo okuqapha okuqhubekayo ngaphandle kokunganaki izindlela zezokwelapha kanye nezinsiza ezitholakala ohlelweni ngalunye lwezempilo.